Urology of Greater Atlanta

Understanding a Simple Kidney Cyst

A doctor explaing kidney cysts to a patient in Atlanta, georgia.

Simple kidney cysts are a common, benign condition that many people may experience as they age. While often harmless, it’s essential to understand what simple kidney cysts are, how they form, and when they might require medical attention.

Be sure to contact the experts at Urology of Greater Atlanta today to learn more! We have multiple offices throughout Georgia for your convenience. 

What Are Simple Kidney Cysts?

Simple kidney cysts (also known as simple renal cysts) are fluid-filled sacs that develop in the kidneys. They are usually round or oval in shape and have a thin wall. These cysts differ from complex renal cysts, which have irregular shapes, may contain solid material, and are more likely to be associated with serious conditions.

Simple renal cysts are typically not cancerous and rarely cause any significant health problems. They can form on the outer surface or inside the kidney tissue and are most often found during imaging tests performed for other reasons.

It’s important to distinguish between simple cysts and more complex conditions, such as polycystic kidney disease (PKD), a genetic disorder that causes multiple cysts to form in one or both kidneys, leading to impaired kidney function over time.

How Common Are Simple Kidney Cysts?

Simple kidney cysts become more common as people age. In fact, studies suggest that up to 50% of people over the age of 50 may develop at least one cyst in their kidneys. Many individuals with these cysts may never experience any symptoms and often learn about them incidentally during routine medical imaging tests, such as ultrasounds, CT scans, or MRIs.

While simple renal cysts are benign, the risk of developing more serious conditions, such as acquired cystic kidney disease (ACKD) or complex renal cysts, increases in people with chronic kidney problems or those undergoing long-term dialysis. It’s crucial to monitor kidney function regularly if you fall into these higher-risk categories.

A doctor holding a model of a kidney to explain kidney cysts in Atlanta.

What Causes a Simple Kidney Cyst?

The exact cause of simple kidney cysts is not well understood. However, experts believe they develop as the result of weakened kidney tissue that forms pouches or sacs filled with fluid. As these pouches expand, they may create cysts.

Unlike polycystic kidney disease, where cysts are caused by genetic mutations, simple kidney cysts are not inherited. The likelihood of developing them appears to increase with age, and they do not typically lead to other kidney problems.

Signs and Symptoms of Kidney Cysts

In many cases, simple kidney cysts do not cause noticeable symptoms. However, larger cysts or cysts that become infected may result in the following signs and symptoms:

Most kidney cysts are found incidentally, as they are generally asymptomatic. However, if you experience persistent pain or any other symptoms that may indicate a kidney problem, it’s essential to contact a healthcare professional for an evaluation.

A woman experiencing pain in her side and back caused by a kidney cyst in Atlanta, Georgia.

When to Contact a Doctor

While simple renal cysts are generally benign, there are specific situations in which it’s important to seek medical advice. You should contact a doctor if you experience:

  • Severe or persistent back or side pain
  • Blood in your urine
  • Fever or signs of infection
  • Difficulty urinating or changes in urine output
  • Any sudden or unexplained symptoms that may be related to kidney function
 

If you have a history of chronic kidney disease, acquired cystic kidney disease, or polycystic kidney disease, it’s essential to maintain regular check-ups to monitor the condition of your kidneys and assess any potential cyst growth.

How Are Simple Kidney Cysts Treated?

Treatment for simple kidney cysts is usually unnecessary unless the cyst is causing symptoms or complications. For asymptomatic cysts, doctors typically recommend monitoring the cyst with periodic imaging tests to ensure it does not grow or cause issues. However, if the cyst becomes large or starts to cause discomfort, infection, or other health concerns, treatment options may include:

  • Aspiration and sclerotherapy: This minimally invasive procedure involves draining the cyst using a needle and then injecting a solution that helps shrink the cyst and prevent it from refilling.
  • Surgical removal: In cases where the cyst is large, painful, or affecting kidney function, surgical removal may be necessary. This can be done laparoscopically (minimally invasive) or through traditional surgery, depending on the size and location of the cyst.
  • Management of complications: If a cyst becomes infected or causes bleeding, additional treatment with antibiotics or other medical interventions may be needed.
 

For individuals with more complex conditions, such as polycystic kidney disease or acquired cystic kidney disease, ongoing management of kidney function is crucial. In some cases, medications or other treatments may be necessary to maintain kidney health.

Personalized Care for Kidney Health

Simple kidney cysts may not always require treatment, but if you experience any symptoms or concerns, it’s important to have a professional evaluate your condition. At Urology of Greater Atlanta, we offer comprehensive care for all urological conditions, including simple renal cysts and complex kidney cysts. Our board-certified urologists are experts in diagnosing and treating kidney conditions and will work with you to develop a personalized treatment plan.

Whether you need a routine check-up, diagnostic imaging tests, or specialized treatment for kidney function concerns, our team is ready to assist you. If you’re experiencing any symptoms or would like to schedule a consultation regarding kidney cysts or any other urological concerns, don’t hesitate to reach out to us.

With board-certified urologists at multiple locations throughout Georgia, we are committed to delivering high-quality, personalized care. Contact us today to schedule an appointment and take the next step toward optimal kidney health!

Stockbridge, Country Club Drive

290 Country Club Drive Suite 100, Stockbridge, GA 30281

Blue Ridge, Blue Ridge Drive

4799 Blue Ridge Drive Suite 107, Blue Ridge, GA 30513

Sandy Springs

1100 Lake Hearn Drive NE STE 320
Atlanta, GA 30342

Griffin, West College Street

230 West College Street Bldg. C, Griffin, GA 30224

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7823 Spivey Station Blvd Suite 210, Jonesboro, GA 30236

Covington

4143 Hospital Drive NE Covington, GA 30014

Our Stockbridge office has moved.

180 North Park Trl, Ste 100
Stockbridge, GA 30281

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